![]() I do not breed with rats from pet shops, backyard breeders or rescues. All baby rats, both pet homed rats and breeding rats, come with a printed pedigree and the pedigree can also be viewed on the website and in the Dutch rat database. I use pedigrees to keep track of my breeding rats’ lineage and generally only breed with rats with a known background. I use both line-breeding and out-crossing to improve my lines, using line-breeding to strengthen the qualities of a line while out-crossing to bring in better attributes. I do my best to select the best breeding animals I can, only breeding with animals with sound temperament, good health and good ancestry. All rats I’ve bred are welcome back to the rattery for whatever reason and elderly returnees usually stay here for the rest of their life.Īll rats get medical care whenever they need it and are only euthanized when there is a medical reason to do so. Retired breeders or rats that turn out unsuitable for breeding stay here as pets until they die. They get the best care I can give them during their stay with me, which is life-long as I do not re-home any of my pets. Most important thing you should know is that my rats are my pets first and foremost. I could write a whole separate website about breeding ethics and my views, but I’ll try to keep it short. All smooth coated and top eared, I do not breed for other coat types nor dumbo. ![]() ![]() Mostly to avoid breeding all kinds of varieties in one line which can be detrimental to the health of the rats, but of course I did choose varieties which I love to see.Ĭurrently I breed for Russian blue and related varieties in hooded, berkshire and downunder, and for British blue and related varieties in self. Lastly I do aim to breed for select few varieties. Learning to recognise well built rats is something that takes time and sadly we do not a have a lot of rat shows in the Netherlands, but whenever we do I usually enter a fair few of my rats to receive critique. A badly built animal or an animal with extreme features can get severe health problems and I want to avoid this at all cost. I put in extra effort to receive updates about pet homed animals so I get a complete view of my lines.Ī part of breeding for good health is breeding for type and build. For this reason I do my best to keep good records of all my breeding stock -and- the litters I have bred. Rats as a species are sadly short-lived and aren’t the healthiest of animals, so I do my best to improve and maintain good health. Of course they also must be well tempered towards each other, I do not breed with rats which do not get along with other rats.īesides that my most important goal is to improve health and longevity. My main goal in breeding is breeding well tempered rats, they need to be tame and fun to keep as pets -both for the owner and the rats themselves-! Personally I love rats which are very human-oriented and love attention and cuddles, with a bit of a cheeky side to them. ![]() In my opinion it is very important to have a clear goal in mind when breeding, as your aim is to improve rather than just multiply. My hobbies are gaming, drawing, and most of all animals! About the rattery Breeding goals Nowadays I am back in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, living close to the town called Terneuzen with my various pets. I was born and raised in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, the most south-west region of the Netherland (we often call ourselves back-up Belgians!)ĭuring my studies I lived in Breda and later Venlo, where I graduated as certified Animal Tech and in the meantime also started my rattery and later my business (a webshop in homemade rodent food). My name is Elian and I am a 27-year-old rat lover from the Netherlands. Instead I have created this page with the basics about my rattery, if you have any questions don’t hesitate to contact me through Facebook or by emailing me at About me I used to run an English version of the website, but it was perpetually outdated so not really useful to non-Dutch visitors. Hello and welcome to my rattery website! As you have noticed my entire rattery website is in Dutch, as I am a Dutch breeder and most of my pet homes are Dutch. ![]()
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![]() It is compatible with any of the most popular Android devices such as Samsung, HTC, LG, Sony, and so on.įor more details, email for more information or go to. Tipard Android Data Recovery can help you retrieve deleted photos and text messages, contact information video messages, call logs images, and other data from your Android smartphone, tablet, or SD Card. Recover deleted files in one go recovery is a program for free for Android that is part of the category Utilities-tools. After the data is saved, it can be transferred onto the PC as well as Mac or restored to the Android device. It’s also possible to use the tool to look at the data being stored on your Android device. To begin recovery you need to install the software onto the Windows PC or Mac and connect your Android device or tablet with your PC. The tool is able to retrieve all kinds of information that was deleted from your Android tablet or smartphone that including messages, photos, WhatsApp messages, and media. Additionally, it lets you test recoverable data before restoring it. Furthermore, Android File Recovery lets you save the data on the Android smartphone to your PC. ![]() Whatever the reason for losing messages, they are able to be found even if they do not are present in the system. The messages you send can be deleted or lost for many reasons, such as accidental deletion, unsuccessful OS updates or formatting of a device, or even your Android device breaking down. Text messages are now one of the primary methods we communicate with each other for personal and business reasons. The messages will then be saved and exported on your Windows PC via CSV or HTML. The thoughtful software can aid in separating deleted data from the remaining ones using different hues. You are able to choose to restore which data on your computer. The data includes deleted text messages, contacts photos, call logs, and much more. Supports Android OS versions 1.5 to 2.3.Through the help of this Data Recovery for Android, you can view all recoverable data prior to recovering. Supports 32bit / 64bit version of Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 With the SmartPhone Recovery ProTM downloaded and installed on your PC, the software will automatically detect your Android handset and connect to it.ĭeleted Audio / Video (MP3, MOV, MP4, 3GP, 3G2, JP2ĭeleted Documents (DOC, XLS, PPT, VSD, TXT, PDF, HTML, ASP, BAT, C, JSP, PERL and other scripts)Īndroid handset must have USB debugging enabled Quick and easy install process – the software will launch immediately after installation on the PC has completed All data found can be exported as a backup to a location of your choice on your PC for future use and to protect against potential data loss in the future. You can also view existing contacts, SMS text messages, call history, calendar items and internet history. Recoverable deleted data includes SMS text messages, photos and videos. The SmartPhone Recovery Pro will also explore the SD card in your device and display its data. ![]() ![]() With your Android device connected to your PC, the software will read and explore the handset, and display data found on the device on an easy to manage interface on your PC. SmartPhone Recovery Pro ER245 for Android is software which can be used for personal or professional use to retrieve existing and recover deleted data from Android smartphones. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Since trade marks and registered designs suit different purposes of protection, the respective subject matter of protection and scope of protection may differ.Subject matter of protection/filing strategy/search.More information on design protection is available here.It may be extended by further five-year periods to a maximum period of protection of 25 years. The initial term of protection is 5 years.Design protection is comparatively low-cost and ,unlike the trade mark, provides protection independent of the class of goods or services.If appropriate, your design will then be deleted in the course of invalidity proceedings or infringement proceedings when invalidity is asserted by a counterclaim for the determination or declaration of invalidity. Novelty and individual character of your design or the rights of others will be examined only if a third party files an application for the determination or declaration of invalidity against your registered design or asserts invalidity of your design on the basis of a counterclaim in infringement proceedings that you have brought against the third party.Therefore, unlike a registered trade mark, every registered design is an unexamined IP right. However, when the application for the design is filed, the DPMA does not examine novelty and individual character of your design or whether it conflicts with the rights of others.Finally, you must also ensure that your design does not conflict with the rights of others, in particular third-party copyrights.Rather, you must take into account in your comparison also those unregistered designs which have been published, exhibited or otherwise placed on the market in such a way that they could have become known to the circles specialised in the product sector concerned. In order to determine whether your design is new and has individual character, you must not only consider the designs already registered in the Design Register.Hence, the overall impression it produces must differ from the overall impression produced by any design which has been made available to the public. In addition, your design must have individual character.before the filing date no identical design or design whose features differ only in immaterial details must have been made available to the public. Your design must be new at the time of filing the application, i.e.The appearance results in particular from the lines, the contours, the colours, the shape, the surface texture, the materials and the decorations of the product. A registered design protects the two- or three-dimensional appearance of a product.The term of protection of the trade mark can be extended indefinitely.An unusual, fanciful logo can avoid grounds for refusal. The DPMA will examine whether your trade mark applied for is eligible for protection it will be registered if there are no absolute grounds for refusal pursuant to Section 8 of the Trade Mark Act ( Markengesetz).If you intend to use the logo, above all, to mark goods and/or services, which are offered by your enterprise, you should seek trade mark protection for the logo.What type/what types of IP you seek to obtain for your logo depends to a large extent on the intended purpose of use.A logo can be protected - also simultaneously - as trade mark and as a registered design.Trade mark and design protection are possible. ![]() ![]() ![]() To use your new key with PuTTY, you need open “Connection” and “Auth” in the PuTTY configuration. Your keys are generated and you can close the PuTTY key generator. Choose a location to save the key and give your key a name (e.g. Generally you want to save this without a passphrase, so click “Yes” in the next dialog box. Click the “conversions” menu at the top and select “Export OpenSSH Key”. You can copy and paste it directly to your authorized_keys file or copy and paste this key into a notepad document for safe keeping to copy later. PuTTY does not save the public key for you. You need the public key written at the top of the window for your authorized_keys file (see “Copying your public key to a host” below). Move your mouse cursor over the gray area to fill the green bar. In the PuTTY Generator window, make sure that “RSA” is selected at the bottom of the window and click “Generate”. Once PuTTY is installed, press the Windows key or open the Windows and type “puttygen” and open the “PuTTYgen” app. It can be obtained from the PuTTY latest release page. You can change keys used in the “session properties”.įor usage of your new keys with a remote host, see “Copying your public key to a host” below. SecureCRT will try to use this key filename by default in future sessions. For adding keys, see “Copying your public key to a host” below. The wizard will ask you if you want to add keys to a host. Take note of the filename of your new key as well as its paired public key (the same name with a “.pub” extension) and where they are saved. Save your new key using “OpenSSH Key format (legacy)”. Generally you do not want to add a passphrase. Click next and then select key type of RSA and click Next. This will open the Key Generation Wizard. ![]() In the Public Key Properties window, click Create Identify File in the lower left. Under Authentication highlight PublicKey, then click the Properties button. Open a quick connect window (Under “File” or Alt-Q). SecureCRT can be downloaded free of charge by Purdue students, faculty, and staff from the Purdue Community Hub. They are both saved in plain text.įor usage of your new keys with a remote host, see “Copying your public key to a host” below. The identification is saved in the id_rsa file and the public key is labeled id_rsa.pub. You can now navigate to the hidden “.ssh” directory in your home folder. ![]() These fingerprints are not needed in day-to-day use of your keys but can be saved to your notes to identify your keys later if needed. The system will now generate the key pair and display the key fingerprint and a randomart image. ![]() Unless you are an expert you should use the default option and press Enter. In the command prompt, use the ssh-keygen command:īy default, the system will save the keys to /.ssh/id_rsa. Under “Best Match”, click “Command Prompt”. Press the Windows key or open up the Start Menu. If not, click the plus sign next to “Add a feature”, select OpenSSH Client, and click “Install”. Scroll down the list to see if “OpenSSH Client” is listed. In the “Apps & Features” heading, click “Optional Features”. Open the Windows 10 Start menu and search for “Apps & Features”. Generating SSH keys with OpenSSH (Windows 10 and newer) Follow the instructions below for the SSH client you use. There are several ways to create SSH keys in Windows. ![]() ![]() Type with confidence, comfort and style on MX Keys Mini, crafted for efficiency, stability and precision to help maximise creative potential. MX Keys Mini offers the best features of the standard-sized MX Keys that consumers know and love. The keyboards are designed for creators that pack more power into a smaller footprint. The MX Keys Mini is designed for any space you work, whether a large designer desk in the studio or a home setup. Some of the keys are becoming pretty shiny from use but it is as solid as the day it arrived. ![]() The original MX Keys is still my daily driver, surviving the onslaught that is Kevin for the past 21 months. Logitech introduced the new MX Keys Mini and MX Keys Mini for Mac, keyboards designed for creators that pack more power into a minimalist wireless keyboard. Hear and buy the album at Bandcamp, if you miss out on the limited physical run on Northern Silence Productions.The best got better, and smaller. That track is worth dwelling on, as it's the closest thing present to some sort of progressive post-black mutation with its groovy breakdown and technical guitarwork shooting off in intriguing directions before being brought back under control - a hint of future pathways for a band otherwise very close to the traditional aspects of the genre? Definitely a name to remember, then, and whether or not the band makes my list (ahem) In The Catacombs of Time is a compelling take on the genre that will please those willing to mine the underground in search of black gold. ![]() And although each track is different in a small, subtle way, as an album the songs bind together very well indeed to create a cohesive listening experience, the melancholic chords of En Bitter Längtan clearly from the same guitar as the shimmering waves of Violated by Nothingness. Musicianship is often undervalued in black metal, a genre that is, after all, more about the dark spells created than the tools themselves, yet Malist manages to make, say, the jagged riffing of the old Darkthrone-esque paean to burnt witches of Food for the Flames as interesting as the atmosphere created with them. Forlorn and Cold is fast and compelling, an emotion-heavy burst of depression before the more grandiose Uniformity strikes out for terrain epic, croaked vocals from Ovfrost mingling with clean singing in something close to a chorus before returning to the usual shrieks.īoth bass and drums are worth mentioning, the former clearly audible and a solid counterpart to the upfront riffs, while the latter are far from the programmed monotony that often spoils music like this, diverse and technical-sounding (I don't think they are programmed, but if they are it's near-perfectly done and not at all distracting). Spiritual Oppression is a little more diverse, taking its time with slower, almost doomy melodies before becoming faster and more vicious, a touch of early Emperor popping up in a moody interlude that hearkens back to the start of the song. Each and every track delivers in terms of gloomy, riff-driven black metal, first track proper Agony (To No Avail) closest to the Ukrainian or Cascadian melodic walls of noise that we've come to know and love and even a lengthy sampled speech can't spoil things, fitting the unnerving atmosphere of the track and helping its build. ![]() Combining various strains of black metal, including traditional, atmospheric, depressive, and even progressive, Malist is quite unique in feel once given time to work its dark magic on you.Įven the obligatory part-acoustic intro and outro pieces are effective, Venture into Life and Ever After dark and mysterious portals in and out respectively of Malist's bleak world, yet it's what is between them that is truly superb. And In the Catacombs of Time definitely ticks all the right boxes, exceeding expectations in almost every way. ![]() Malist are no exception, based in Moscow and led by Ovfrost who handles all the instruments on this, his debut record as far as I can tell. Black metal is probably the only genre of (extreme) music where you can find fans mocking one-man bands as being 'basement-dwelling' or 'bedroom-based' rather than appreciating them for their overachievements, despite the many occasions in the genre's history where lone wolf projects have delivered fantastic results. ![]() ![]() It may not initially sound like the most immersive or engaging game ever to be created, but after trying the game out for ourselves, and although we all hate to admit it, AVGM is wildly addictive.īut that would be the point. There is an empty bedroom, and a light switch, all you need to do is click the light switch on and off to keep collecting items that slowly fill the room. As you can expect from a clicker, the concept is pretty simple. ![]() Tell me more: This is a perfect example of an idle clicker we all hate to love. As GameSparks recently announced its first ever Game Jam, #SparksJam ( find out more here), we thought we would take a look at the greatest games to have been produced by a jammer.Ĭreated: In 48 hours at the 2009 Global Game JamĬreators: Created by developers of Super Meat Boy, Edmund McMillen and Tyler Glaiel A lthough the original intention of a Game Jam has never been to create a complete, polished game and ship it off to its respective store, many successful breakout games do spawn from Jams. The term Game Jam is comprised of the words ‘game’ and ‘jam session’, a way to describe the collaborative act of producing something with no prior preparation in an effort to develop new material or simply to practice (not the sweet and sticky crushed fruit that you would normally spread on your toast!). Why have so many Game Jam games, gone on to become successful commercial releases? Because the initial idea of those games was created with one thing and one thing only in mind how do I create something that’s fun? Instead, it’s a chance to focus on giving birth to an intriguing idea, creating a prototype that can give players new and exciting experiences. The essence of jams is to give developers an opportunity to forget about aesthetics, and polished mechanics. Game Jams have given birth to a variety of interesting game ideas that went on to become huge successes, such as Surgeon Simulator, Goat Simulator and Super Hot. Game Jam’s are a great chance for game programmers, designers and artists to get together and create exciting and innovative projects, without the pressure of the real world. Today, there are hundreds of events, held across the globe every year. To test their creation, they invited a group of game developers to their offices to try it out and experiment with new ideas, thus spawning Game Jam (read more about it here ). If you type it too slowly it won't work! Tofu Boy is a joke character added as a response to PETA's Super Tofu Boy, a Super Meat Boy parody game.Back in March 2002, developers Chris Hecker and Sean Barrett created a game engine capable of rendering a massive number of sprites. Typing "petaphile" on character selection screen (the one BEFORE starting a level) allows you to play as Tofu Boy and unlock this Achievement. Congratulations! You just changed the world, whatever that means. This is because obtaining The Golden Gift was an objective on 30th December in The Great Gift Pile event in 2011, which led to many people cheating. Some of you might have noticed that more people have unlocked The Golden Gift than The Kid character. ![]() As the name of the chapter suggests, you play as The Kid and the levels are HARD. Complete all levels in "The Kids Xmas" chapter in Super Meat World in one play session. It's still a lot easier than taking the honest route. You still need to look out for the saws, and going too high will kill you. Hint: on level 1-3 Sweater you can take a shortcut by going over the pillars. Complete any level of "The Kids Xmas" chapter in Super Meat World. These Achievements don't require you to complete any specific section of the main game. Unlock Steve by collecting 100 Bandages Unlock Captain Viridian by collecting 90 Bandages Unlock Runman by collecting 70 Bandages This will also unlock another playable character, Alien Hominid. Unlock Josef by collecting 30 Bandages. Unlock Headcrab by collecting 10 Bandages Unlock The Kid by beating Warp Zone 5-7 ![]() Unlock Flywrench by beating Warp Zone 4-18 Unlock Commander Video by beating Warp Zone 1-12. Some of these Achievements require you to collect a certain amount of Bandages, while some are unlocked after beating a special Warp Zone. Out of the 16 unlockable bonus characters featured in Super Meat Boy, 11 a related Achievement for discovering them. ![]() ![]() Kilkenny also serves as faculty advisor to Discovery, a U of T Engineering program that provides experiential learning opportunities for high school students in the Greater Toronto Area and catalyzes collaborations between graduate students, faculty and high school educators. “As Vice-Dean, First Year, I’ll continue working with relevant partners, both in the Faculty and at community partner schools, to design experiences to improve student transition to university.” “My experience throughout the evolution and expansion of this program has made me more acutely aware of the gaps that exist between secondary and post-secondary learning,” she says. Kilkenny lists some of the many programs already in place through the First Year Office to help ease this transition: Guided Engineering Academic Review Sessions (GEARS) and associated Conversation Cafes, the Six Week Celebration, and the First Year Hub on Quercus, as well as regular communication through social media and the First Year News Feed. Going forward, she aims to expand offerings, especially in the area of experiential learning, such as summer research internships. “I believe it is important for everyone to have a ‘taste’ of research to make more informed decisions for their upper years of study, and their future careers,” she says. “I plan to focus on increasing summer research opportunities and access for first year students.”īeyond that, Kilkenny also plans to expand summer programs and/or online learning in order to help students spread out their course loads. She also thinks there are opportunities to simplify certain administrative procedures to reduce paperwork. Kilkenny says that one of the key issues facing students today has to do with the information ecosystem they are studying in. “Increased access to technology in academia has flooded the post-secondary experience with a surplus of information, which makes it challenging to decide what is accurate and what is not. But the educational environment they are navigating has changed, and along with it, the resources and tools that they need to be successful.” “I don’t believe that students have changed - they are as creative, dedicated and resourceful as ever. This semester is the first to return to primarily in-person classes following the COVID-19 pandemic, and Kilkenny is optimistic about what that portends. “It’s a cautious but exciting time,” she says. “COVID‑19 has helped us all learn about ourselves and how to work together more efficiently in a supportive manner. ![]() #CRYSTAL MAKER UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA MSE HOW TO# I look forward to being able to connect directly with first year students and learn about their personal educational transitions and vison for their time with us.”Īrticle by Tyler Irving first published on U of T Engineering News on November 19, 2021. #CRYSTAL MAKER UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA MSE REGISTRATION#.#CRYSTAL MAKER UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA MSE HOW TO#. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The keyboard can be dismissed by swiping down on it to show more of the web page. When you do a search, the search bar now appears right above the keyboard instead of at the top of the phone screen. On iPhones, Apple made another Safari change in a new beta of iOS 15 released Wednesday. In this video, we will show you some easy and. Chrome introduced tab groups in 2019, and Microsoft Edge offers an option to stack tabs vertically along the left side of the browser. 16K views 1 year ago macOS Monterey Safari not playing any videos from websites like Netflix/YouTube on your M1 Mac (macOS Monterey). It can be tough to manage tabs, though, which typically are presented as a single long list of items across the top of a browser window.Īpple's Monterey version of Safari introduces tab groups as one way to bring some order to the mess. Tabs have become essential to browsers, particularly as so much of what we do on personal computers takes place within a web browser. ![]() Everything Apple unveiled this week: iOS 15, FaceTime upgrades and moreĪpple also stepped back from a menu that packaged options like sharing and reloading the website into a single menu.įor those who like the overhauled Safari tabs, Apple will offer it as an option.The MacOS Monterey public beta is here. Released SeptemSafari Extensions Available for: macOS Big Sur and macOS Monterey Impact: A website may be able to track users through Safari web extensions Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.The three best things in the MacOS Monterey beta so far.Tabs are more compact, modern and lightweight." The latest version is available alongside the macOS 12.6 update that was released yesterday. We distilled the toolbar to its essential elements. Open the Apple menu on your Mac, and head to About this Mac > and check for Software Update to install Safari 16 on your machine. "So we've reimagined the browsing experience. "We think using the browser should feel natural and uncluttered," Federighi said in a June keynote speech when he revealed what Apple had planned to be the new look. Apple software chief Craig Federighi touted it as a cleaner new approach. The new approach tucked the address bar into the active website's tab and squeezed other buttons for navigation, website privacy information and extensions toward the left. macOS Monterey was announced during the WWDC keynote speech on June 7, 2021, and released on. One purpose of beta tests is to gather feedback, and Apple evidently listened to complaints that arrived in the five weeks since Apple revealed the very different Safari tab approach at its WWDC developer conference in June. Plugins for Safari need to be compiled for the same platform as Safari, so when Safari is running on Intel, it requires plug-ins that have been compiled as Intel-only or universal binaries. One person can see a redesign as simpler, while another sees it as stripped of utility. The change shows how difficult it can be to modernize user interfaces. The company released a third beta of its new MacOS Monterey software that separates the address box and the tab strip by default, moving back to same design that's in the existing MacOS Big Sur version. Work fluidly across your devices with AirPlay to Mac.Apple on Wednesday stepped back from overhauling how its Safari web browser handles tabs on MacOS. Get more done with powerful productivity tools like Focus, Quick Note and Tab Groups in Safari. Enjoy new FaceTime audio and video enhancements, including spatial audio and Portrait mode. MacOS Monterey lets you connect, share and create like never before. ![]() ![]() ![]() During iSchool High’s first full year of existence, it made application through TEA and was granted Early College High School designation starting in the fall of 2013. ISchool High at University Park opened its doors in the fall of 2011 with 20 students and 4 full-time teachers and staff. iSchool High’s campus is located directly across highway 249 from the new up and coming Vintage Park, which is filled with family centered shops, entertainment and restaurants. University Park also houses several Universities, Sam Houston State University, University of Houston and University of Houston Downtown. Naval Academy, and Montgomery College (MC). The iSchool High at University Park is a shared campus with many well known corporations including Hewlett Packard, FMC, Gexa and Nobel Energy. During the EY-sponsored Kick-off Day on February 25, participants formed fifty-four teams representing four academic institutions: University of Maryland College Park (UMD), University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), U.S. iSchool is able to pull students from each of these school districts based on the no boundary enrollment policy. iSchool High is centrally located to 4 local ISDs, Cypress-Fairbanks ISD, Klein ISD, Tomball ISD and Spring ISD. Deer Park ISD, TX In just six weeks Skyward pulled off an amazing implementation and, unbelievably. With a population density of 2,487,080 residents per square mile totaling 49,194, the median household income averages $70,970. This part of Houston, considered the suburbs is 25 miles from the City of Houston. iSchool High is a public charter school that is open to all students in the greater Houston area. Our students often become team leaders because they have learned how to enable such teams to thrive in solving challenging problems at the intersection of people, information, and technology.ISchool High at University Park, is a 9th – 12th grade Early College High School that is in partnership with Lone Star College University Park which is located in Houston, Texas. What Is iSchool High iSchool High at University Park gives students the opportunity to earn their high-school diploma and up to two years of college credit in four years completely free. We will teach you the technical skills you need, and we will teach you how to work in teams of people with diverse skill sets. This includes the following questions: Where did all this data come from? How did people collect the data and for what purposes? What were the collection and sampling biases? How should we account for these biases in our selection of appropriate algorithms and statistical methods? What do our analyses mean? How much do we trust them? How do we explain these issues to people with other intellectual backgrounds-including to senior management personnel who are not data analysts or data scientists, but who want and need to make critical and informed decisions? Our programs infuse teaching with big picture thinking. These include data mining, data science, machine learning, data visualization, usability engineering, text mining, information assurance, information security, network analysis, etc. They teach many courses that could be and indeed are taught in CS departments. ![]() Many of our faculty have degrees in CS and choose to base their teaching and research in an iSchool as the best home for their interests and commitment to advance human understanding in this exciting and rapidly growing area. ![]() We look at the interactions between people, information, and technology. ![]() We are the School of Information Sciences, one of the founders of the worldwide group of schools of information, called iSchools. ![]() ![]() Anatomical principle of the barrier and routes of fluid transfer cannot explain the extraordinary accuracy of fluids and substances needed to enter or leave the brain firmly. Many hydrophilic substances are effectively prevented from the entry into the brain via blood, while others like neurotransmitters are extremely hindered from getting out of the brain. Despite this, CSF and ISF exhibit very similar compositions, but differ significantly from blood plasma. Microvessels within the parenchyma are sufficiently close to every cell where diffusion areas for solutes are tiny. The ISF and CSF provide water and solutes influx and efflux from cells to these targeted fluids in a quite precise way. This constitutes a formidable challenge that normal organisms surpass daily. The skull is a rigid box thereby the sum of volumes occupied by the parenchyma with its ISF, related connective tissue, the vasculature, the meninges and the CSF must be relatively constant according to the Monroe-Kellie dogma. The current view assumes that choroidal plexuses secrete the major part of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF), while the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) has a much less contribution to fluid production, generating Interstitial Fluid (ISF) that drains to CSF. ![]() There are specific mechanisms concerned with fluid secretion of the controlled composition of the brain, and others responsible for reabsorption eventually to blood and the extracellular fluid whatever their composition is. This regulation tends to act as barrier to prevent free exchange of materials between the brain and blood. ![]() These fluids transport all substances required for cells and remove the unwanted materials. Regulation of composition, volume and turnover of fluids surrounding the brain and damp cells is vital. The review concludes with some of the key challenges and opportunities faced by this next-generation wearable sensing technology. Successive content will focus on microneedle technologies which have been integrated with electrochemical biosensors for the quantification of various metabolites, electrolytes and other miscellaneous entities known to be present in the dermal interstitial fluid. We look briefly at microneedle technologies used to extract dermal interstitial fluid for subsequent analysis. An introduction to interstitial fluid is provided placing emphasis on sampling methods that have been employed to extract and/or sample tissue fluid for analysis. ![]() The integration of a biosensor with a microneedle platform opens the possibility for minimally invasive bio-chemical detection or continuous monitoring within the dermal interstitial fluid. This article explores recent advances in the development of electrochemical biosensors on microneedle platforms towards on-device sensing of biomarkers present in dermal interstitial fluid. ![]() |
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